Intrinsic: Hardin appeals to intrinsic ethos in two ways...
1. First, he demonstrates his expertise and frequently cities statistical and quantitative data to validate his arguments. For example...
Hardin cites that the populations of poor countries increase at a rate 2.5% per year (660)
Hardin tells readers that the population of India reached 1.2 billion people in 28 years
These statistics gives the reader feels a strong sense of the authority and credibility of the writer. He has done a lot of research and uses it to show that the current trend is unsustainable.
2. Second, Hardin uses personal anecdotes to appeal to the ethos of the readers, such as his presence at a prestigious meeting in Hawaii where Japanese descended citizens of Hawaii discussed the problem of immigration (662). His presence at such a prestigious and privileged meeting suggests to the readers that the writer is an important person in immigration policy and so his arguments gain more weight because of this.
Extrinsic: Hardin's Extrinsic Ethos comes from his academic achievements and his position during his working life. He earned a Bachelors of Science in Zoology from the University of Chicago and he earned a PhD in Microbiology from Stanford University. These accomplishments give the audience the impression that Hardin is very well educated and thus will take his statements seriously. He was also a professor of human ecology at University of California, Santa Barbara. This implies that Hardin is very knowledgeable, and thus the audience will be more likely to believe the statements he makes in the essay and give them more thought.
1. First, he demonstrates his expertise and frequently cities statistical and quantitative data to validate his arguments. For example...
Hardin cites that the populations of poor countries increase at a rate 2.5% per year (660)
Hardin tells readers that the population of India reached 1.2 billion people in 28 years
These statistics gives the reader feels a strong sense of the authority and credibility of the writer. He has done a lot of research and uses it to show that the current trend is unsustainable.
2. Second, Hardin uses personal anecdotes to appeal to the ethos of the readers, such as his presence at a prestigious meeting in Hawaii where Japanese descended citizens of Hawaii discussed the problem of immigration (662). His presence at such a prestigious and privileged meeting suggests to the readers that the writer is an important person in immigration policy and so his arguments gain more weight because of this.
Extrinsic: Hardin's Extrinsic Ethos comes from his academic achievements and his position during his working life. He earned a Bachelors of Science in Zoology from the University of Chicago and he earned a PhD in Microbiology from Stanford University. These accomplishments give the audience the impression that Hardin is very well educated and thus will take his statements seriously. He was also a professor of human ecology at University of California, Santa Barbara. This implies that Hardin is very knowledgeable, and thus the audience will be more likely to believe the statements he makes in the essay and give them more thought.